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The IUP Journal of Commonwealth Literature
Focus

 

I cannot bring a world quite round,

Although I patch it as I can.

-- Wallace Stevens

If there is an idea that looms large in these pages, it is the necessity of mediation, its inevitability: the inevitability of links/connections, be it between texts and their audience, between the writer and the publisher, between the colonizer and the colonized, between the free and the not so free, between the historian and the creative artist, between the colonial past and the postcolonial present—the list can be endless. Whether the mediation has been successful or not is another issue, but what matters most is the recognition of the need to establish connections, which in turn would also ensure that multiple voices are recorded/acknowledged. And perhaps it does also give one that necessary humility which follows the realization that ultimately no single writer or historian can claim to possess ‘essential’ knowledge about a place or a history.

We may also recall here what Salman Rushdie wrote about Indian writers in English more than a decade ago in his Introduction to The Vintage Book of Indian Writing: 1947-1997: “Their work is as multiform as the place, and readers who care about the vitality of literature will find at least some of these voices say something they want to hear…. One important dimension of literature is that it is a means of holding a conversation with the world. These writers are ensuring that India, or rather, Indian voices (for they are too good to fall into the trap of writing nationalistically) will henceforth be confident, indispensable participants in that literary conversation.” That Aravind Adiga has carved for himself a niche in the complex global literary marketplace speaks volumes about how successful he has been in the use of literary strategies/devices.

Reflections from poets come to us in various shades in these pages: spiritual, visionary, nature-oriented, cultural, social and so on. This issue also brings to you short stories in translation—stories, which are as varied in their subjects as possible—we have the fantastic, the morally elevating, and the playfully serious.

Readers and prospective contributors of the journal can look forward to the editorship of distinguished Professor Alladi Uma from the Department of English, University of Hyderabad, who takes over as the new Consulting Editor of the IUP Journal of Commonwealth Literature. She holds a Ph.D. from State University of New York at Buffalo, where she studied under Leslie Fiedler. We are glad to have her consent.

To conclude on a meditative note, here are two quotes which once again take us back to questions of connections and mediations. First, from Sri Sankaracharya:

Like a city seen in a mirror is the universe,

Seen within oneself but seemingly of Maya born,

As in sleep

Yet is it really in the inner Self

Of Him who sees at the Point of Light

Within Himself, unique, immutable—

And now from Jorge Luis Borges:

The terrifying immensity of the firmament’s abysses is an illusion, an external reflection of our own abysses, perceived “in a mirror.” We should invert our eyes and practice a sublime astronomy in the infinitude of our hearts….

Let there be more of such ‘conversations’…

-- Nirmala P G
Consulting Editor

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Automated Teller Machines (ATMs): The Changing Face of Banking in India

Bank Management
Information and communication technology has changed the way in which banks provide services to its customers. These days the customers are able to perform their routine banking transactions without even entering the bank premises. ATM is one such development in recent years, which provides remote banking services all over the world, including India. This paper analyzes the development of this self-service banking in India based on the secondary data.

The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is playing a very important role in the progress and advancement in almost all walks of life. The deregulated environment has provided an opportunity to restructure the means and methods of delivery of services in many areas, including the banking sector. The ICT has been a focused issue in the past two decades in Indian banking. In fact, ICTs are enabling the banks to change the way in which they are functioning. Improved customer service has become very important for the very survival and growth of banking sector in the reforms era. The technological advancements, deregulations, and intense competition due to the entry of private sector and foreign banks have altered the face of banking from one of mere intermediation to one of provider of quick, efficient and customer-friendly services. With the introduction and adoption of ICT in the banking sector, the customers are fast moving away from the traditional branch banking system to the convenient and comfort of virtual banking. The most important virtual banking services are phone banking, mobile banking, Internet banking and ATM banking. These electronic channels have enhanced the delivery of banking services accurately and efficiently to the customers. The ATMs are an important part of a bank’s alternative channel to reach the customers, to showcase products and services and to create brand awareness. This is reflected in the increase in the number of ATMs all over the world. ATM is one of the most widely used remote banking services all over the world, including India. This paper analyzes the growth of ATMs of different bank groups in India.
International Scenario

If ATMs are largely available over geographically dispersed areas, the benefit from using an ATM will increase as customers will be able to access their bank accounts from any geographic location. This would imply that the value of an ATM network increases with the number of available ATM locations, and the value of a bank network to a customer will be determined in part by the final network size of the banking system. The statistical information on the growth of branches and ATM network in select countries.

Indian Scenario

The financial services industry in India has witnessed a phenomenal growth, diversification and specialization since the initiation of financial sector reforms in 1991. Greater customer orientation is the only way to retain customer loyalty and withstand competition in the liberalized world. In a market-driven strategy of development, customer preference is of paramount importance in any economy. Gone are the days when customers used to come to the doorsteps of banks. Now the banks are required to chase the customers; only those banks which are customercentric and extremely focused on the needs of their clients can succeed in their business today.

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Commonwealth Literature